应用启动框架AppStartup

概述

AppStartup提供了一种更加简单高效的初始化组件的方式，支持异步初始化组件加速应用的启动时间。使用启动框架应用开发者只需要分别为待初始化的组件实现AppStartup提供的[StartupTask]接口，并在[startup_config]中配置AppStartup之间的依赖关系，启动框架将使用拓扑排序保证各个待初始化组件的初始化顺序。启动框架只支持在entry中使用。

添加配置

应用需要在[module.json5配置文件]中配置appStartup标签, 并指定启动框架的配置文件路径。

{
  "module": {
    "name": "entry",
    "type": "entry",
    ...
    "appStartup": "$profile:startup_config",
    ...
  }
}

添加启动框架配置文件

应用需要在工程的resource目录下添加启动框架的配置文件，配置文件路径需要与[module.json5配置文件]中appStartup标签指定的路径一致。

示例代码如下所示。

{
  "startupTasks": [
    {
      "name": "StartupTask_001",
      "srcEntry": "./ets/startup/StartupTask_001.ets",
      "dependencies": [
        "StartupTask_002",
        "StartupTask_003"
      ],
      "runOnThread": "taskPool",
      "waitOnMainThread": false
    },
    {
      "name": "StartupTask_002",
      "srcEntry": "./ets/startup/StartupTask_002.ets",
      "dependencies": [
        "StartupTask_004"
      ],
      "runOnThread": "taskPool",
      "waitOnMainThread": false
    },
    {
      "name": "StartupTask_003",
      "srcEntry": "./ets/startup/StartupTask_003.ets",
      "runOnThread": "taskPool",
      "waitOnMainThread": false
    },
    {
      "name": "StartupTask_004",
      "srcEntry": "./ets/startup/StartupTask_004.ets",
      "runOnThread": "taskPool",
      "waitOnMainThread": false
    },
    {
      "name": "StartupTask_005",
      "srcEntry": "./ets/startup/StartupTask_005.ets",
      "runOnThread": "mainThread",
      "waitOnMainThread": true
    },
    {
      "name": "StartupTask_006",
      "srcEntry": "./ets/startup/StartupTask_006.ets",
      "runOnThread": "mainThread",
      "waitOnMainThread": false,
      "excludeFromAutoStart": true
    }
  ],
  "configEntry": "./ets/startup/StartupConfig.ets"
}

startup_config配置文件标签说明

startupTasks标签说明

添加启动框架组件

所有待加载组件均要实现[StartupTask]接口，文件放置在工程的ets目录下的startup文件夹下，StartupTask必须添加[Sendable]注解。

import StartupTask from '@ohos.app.appstartup.StartupTask';
import common from '@ohos.app.ability.common';
import hilog from '@ohos.hilog';

@Sendable
export default class StartupTask_001 extends StartupTask {
  constructor() {
    super();
  }
  async init(context: common.AbilityStageContext) {
    hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', 'StartupTask_001 init.');
    return 'StartupTask_001';
  }

  onDependencyCompleted(dependence: string, result: Object): void {
    hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', 'StartupTask_001 onDependencyCompleted, dependence: %{public}s, result: %{public}s',
      dependence, JSON.stringify(result));
  }
}

添加启动框架配置

应用需要在工程的ets目录下的startup文件夹下添加启动框架配置,开发者可以在该文件中配置超时时间以及组件初始化的监听器，启动框架配置需要在[StartupConfigEntry]中设置[StartupConfig]与[StartupListener]。

import StartupConfig from '@ohos.app.appstartup.StartupConfig';
import StartupConfigEntry from '@ohos.app.appstartup.StartupConfigEntry';
import StartupListener from '@ohos.app.appstartup.StartupListener';
import hilog from '@ohos.hilog';
import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base';

export default class MyStartupConfigEntry extends StartupConfigEntry {
  onConfig() {
    hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', `onConfig`);
    let onCompletedCallback = (error: BusinessError< void >) = > {
      hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', `onCompletedCallback`);
      if (error) {
        hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', 'onCompletedCallback: %{public}d, message: %{public}s', error.code, error.message);
      } else {
        hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', `onCompletedCallback: success.`);
      }
    }
    let startupListener: StartupListener = {
      'onCompleted': onCompletedCallback
    }
    let config: StartupConfig = {
      'timeoutMs': 10000,
      'startupListener': startupListener
    }
    return config;
  }
}

启动组件

AppStartup分别提供了自动和手动两种方式来初始化组件，应用开发者可以根据自己的需求选择合适的初始化方式。

手动模式

手动模式需要应用开发者手动调用[StartupManager]中的[run]方法来手动启动组件的初始化。

import { AbilityConstant, UIAbility, Want } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
import { hilog } from '@kit.PerformanceAnalysisKit';
import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base';
import startupManager from '@ohos.app.appstartup.startupManager';

export default class EntryAbility extends UIAbility {
  onCreate(want: Want, launchParam: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam): void {
    hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'Ability onCreate');
    let startParams = ['StartupTask_006'];
    try {
      startupManager.run(startParams).then(() = > {
        console.log('StartupTest startupManager run then, startParams = ');
      }).catch((error: BusinessError) = > {
        console.info("StartupTest promise catch error, error = " + JSON.stringify(error));
        console.info("StartupTest promise catch error, startParams = "
          + JSON.stringify(startParams));
      })
    } catch (error) {
      let errMsg = JSON.stringify(error);
      let errCode: number = error.code;
      console.log('Startup catch error , errCode= ' + errCode);
      console.log('Startup catch error ,error= ' + errMsg);
    }
  }
  ...
}

`HarmonyOS与OpenHarmony鸿蒙文档籽料：mau123789是v直接拿`

自动模式

自动模式应用开发者需要将[startup_config]中的excludeFromAutoStart标签设置为false，当应用启动时启动框架会在abilityStage的onCreate前执行组件初始化。

{
  "startupTasks": [
    {
      "name": "StartupTask_001",
      ...
      "excludeFromAutoStart": false
    },
    ...
  ],
  ...
}

审核编辑 黄宇