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¡¡¡¡Unlike established coal£¬ gas and nuclear generating plants which use turbines to directly generate AC £¨alternating current£© power that can be fed into the grid via sub-station transformers£¬ the nature of solar and wind power either generates DC £¨direct current£© power or involves some conversion to and from DC. Solar power from photovoltaic panels is inherently DC generation and needs some form of inverter device to convert it to AC for connection to the grid. Many wind turbines£¬ especially smaller units deployed in generating electricity for domestic£¬ agricultural and industrial premises£¬ also generate DC.

¡¡¡¡Even the larger wind turbines found on commercial wind farms£¬ using generators that produce AC£¬ can¡¯t necessarily be directly connected to the grid. This is because not only does the voltage need to be compatible£¬ but also so does the frequency£¬ which is determined by the rotational speed of the turbine that in turn is dependent on wind speed. Gearboxes have been used to increase the rotational speed to overcome this problem£¬ but they are heavy and expensive. So the trend is towards ¡°direct drive¡± generators£¬ even though this requires AC outputs to first be converted to DC and then back to AC via an inverter that ensures the correct frequency and voltage for the grid.